 |
 |
| NEWS |
YEU Response to Sinabung Erruption
Rabu, 1 September 2010, 10:18 WIB
On Sunday, 29 August 2010; Mount Sinabung in Karo district, North Sumatra erupted and forced more than 27.000 people to flee from their houses.
Viewed 33 times
go to index ...
|
 |
 |
| TRAINING |
HAP Workshop, Hotel Harun Square, Lhokseumawe, 22 - 25 May 2010
Sabtu, 22 Mei 2010, 08:00 WIB
HAP (Humanitarian Accountability Partnership) Workshop, attended by 23 staffs from YEU Lhokseumawe, YEU Padang, and YEU Yogyakarta and facilitated by Janaki Kuhanendran (Christian Aid), introduces humanitarian accountability system to YEU's staffs to meet capacity and accountability standardization.
go to index ...
|
 |
|
|
 |
| Rehabilitation |
|
Rehabilitation Program in Ambon & Seram
The unrest of Maluku and its impacts
The conflicts in Maluku which started in 1999 caused death which is estimated between 5,000 – 10,000 (some sources say it could be more). It means 0.5 % from the total population in Maluku.
More than 16,000 houses, close to 100 schools, 2 universities (Pattimura and UKIM) are destroyed. The economic activities are decreased 50% during 1999 – 2000 and the prices of basic necessities are increased drastically. Working opportunities are decreased and the unemployed young people were easily involved in “war economy”, for instance producing hand made guns, being involved in kind of hoodlums or gangsters or joining the rioter groups.
During the climax of conflicts, 329,818 people from 1,286,075 people (total population in Maluku) were displaced and 22 sub-districts from total 29 sub-districts were affected by violence. The displaced were accommodated in about 600 temporary camps throughout 5 regencies in Maluku and the majority (more than 200,000 IDPs) stayed at their relatives’ at the villages.
In general the riots in Maluku have immense impact. The broken relation between villages and clans, the distrust towards Government apparatus and adat leaders in some cases, strong distinction or differentiation of sectarian identity and geographic border, the practice of violence and huge physical damages such as education and health facilities, religious buildings (mosques, churches) and housings.
It is reported recently by Dinas sosial (social division within government structure) that about 33,000 IDPs in Maluku are not handled sufficiently meanwhile the fund is not enough yet. The government in Maluku negotiated it with Central Government to ask more budgets for taking care of the IDPs in the process of return and recovery. The team assigned to handle the problems of IDPs (so called tim penanggulangan pengungsi maluku) there are different kinds of IDPs as follows :
- IDPs want to return and are welcomed by the surrounding neighbourhood.
- IDPs want to return but the current surrounding neighbourhood in their origin do not want to accept them
- IDPs do not want to return since they are afraid and their property have been occupied so they choose to be resettled in new location
- IDPs do not want to go anywhere and remain in their camp
- IDPs from Maluku who go on their own in another province
Total destroyed burning house are 58,428 units and have been repaired up to 2003 are 34,904 units while 23,524 units are still in the process of development with budget Rp 235.240.000.000. However there are some dispute about the implementation of the development of the houses for IDPs because the irresponsibility of the developer.
Result emergency response : 1999 – 2001
To respond on the first clash (February – July 1999), the emergency team of CD Bethesda-primarily an embryo of YEU- in cooperation with Baileo Maluku implemented the IDPs based basic health prevention and treatment program by mobile medical relief team served 1,573 patients, built health camps in 10 camps, water and sanitation in 9 camps and supplementary feeding for babies and lactating mothers. 22 full time volunteers, 3 medical doctors, 5 nurses, and 1 environmental health engineer managed this program. Response on the second clash (August - December) : Mobile medical relief teams, 5 tons of milk for babies, 20 tons of non food logistical support and non-violence campaign. Total beneficiaries in our first response program were more than 15,254 in the health care program, 2,286 from the supplementary feeding program and 7,510 from the sanitation program. For the first semester of 2000 (till the end of May 2000), there are about 7,129 patients served through the mobile health service and 42 camp based medicine post, more than 600 under five babies and lactating mothers served through the supplementary feeding program and 6495 people are benefited through logistic distribution.
In the period of August till December 2000, our response are as follows : the mobile health team and medicine post (medicine cabinet) program which serve 12,710 patients or IDPs in 39 camps both Moslem and Christian; case by case sanitation and environmental health program benefited 1785 IDPs; Food Distribution program which benefited 6062 people; Non Food distribution program benefited 1135 people and nutrition input/supplementary feeding program benefited 705 babies and nursing mothers.
To maintain the existing health team in both sides serving the IDPs in the camps, we are supported by ACT Netherlands. From January up to May 2001, there are totally 9629 beneficiaries served through mobile team, medicine posts and supplementary feeding programs in 19 mixed and Christian camps and 12 Moslem camps.
However our existing reconciliation team also conducts an interactive dialogues in RRI (public radio station belongs to Government). They have been on air in February and March 2001.
In regards to the existing needs of health services in several camps, the health service through mobile clinic was extended till September 2001. Through mobile health service and medicine posts there are totally 7183 patients examined within 4 months (June – September 2001) and 3124 patients served through 26 medicine posts in both communities. Two hundreds and forty five under five babies were provided supplementary feeding during that period.
Transition period :
Organizational changes: Considering the demand of emergency work and the different approach in 2 basic concern of emergency and development, YEU is split from CD Bethesda (beginning of 2001).
Field situation: Emergency phase in most Maluku was ended but the peace is still fragile. CD Bethesda assessed the need of peace building (based on their mandate) while YEU assessed the need of rehabilitation. Starting in 2002, the response of CD Bethesda was specifically addressed to build peace through a program so called “reconciliation by function”. While YEU focuses on basic needs rehabilitation in terms of health, economic and alternative education through facilitating local NGOs partners who work in Seram (sub district Kairatu and Piru in West Seram and Waraka, Rohua, Nueletetu Gunung, Makariki and Tanah Nahu in South Seram) and Ambon. This program is still continued till 2004.
II. Current Situation :
The current situation in Maluku varies from place to place. Simply, Maluku can be classified into 3 major areas as follows:
1. Ambon island:
Being very populated, center of public administration and local politics, the place in Ambon was fully polarized between Moslem and Christian areas (despite of the improvement of transportation flow from Christian to Moslem and vice versa). The public service and existence of government institutions is even segregated and not fully operating yet when the situation has been conducive within 6 months. The public service such as puskesmas (health) are improved in term that the IDPs who still stay in camp in Ambon can have access to the service of health facilities in certain level. Markets, stores and local ports are starting to function.
Nevertheless, the celebration of RMS (Republic of South Maluku) anniversary on April 25, 2004 in front yard of dr. Alex Manuputty’s house has triggered a new conflict in Ambon. The collective violence between residents on 25 April 2004 in Ambon was not triggered by inter-faith factors. The incident occurred because the heat of previous inter-faith problem, which was still in process of reconciliation effort, was reset alight again by using the political issue of RMS. Most of the IDPs of the recent riots are the same people (returnees) from the 1999’s riots, thus most of them are poor because they have lost their belongings twice, many houses that still in the process of reconstruction were destroyed and burnt down as well as the materials. They have returned and when the riots broke they were in the process of building their new lives. The IDPs are having high traumatic feelings with the riots. Kuda Mati is the biggest fleeing zone, there are more or less 600 households IDPs occupy this area, spread from Galala to Passo (Baguala District). The IDPs live in poor camp condition and there is not any adequate latrine facility. As a consequence, the health of the IDPs are poor, they get flu, cough, fever, respiratory diseases, etc.). The limited access has made the IDPs, who do not have fixed job, difficult to fulfill their daily needs. Generally the livelihood of the IDPs and non-IDPs victims of the riots on April 25, 2004 is in agriculture. Most of them do farming merely for their daily needs and they only sell a small part of the harvest in order to have money to buy other things (the non-agricultural commodities). One of the consequences of the riots is the unstable security condition, which makes it dangerous to pass the regular routes to transport the crops to the market in Ambon city. Their earnings are significantly decreased thus they cannot afford even for their basic needs (the non-agricultural commodities). As a result, certain goods are difficult to get, if they are available at the very high price.
2. Islands in Maluku Tenggara and Maluku Tenggara Barat (Southern East and Western south east)
These islands are noticed as stabile post conflict area. No riots occurred within 3 years and most of IDPS already back to their previous housings even though there are still a few IDPs remain displaced. Last October 2003, sporadic bombs and local conflict took place in Tobelo and Halmahera.
3. Islands such as Haruku, Saparua, Buru and Seram
The status of these islands is in between category 1 and 2. Violence are still sporadic. Some IDPs start to come home and some remains displaced.
Source: UNDP assessment in 2003
At present time the situation is much calmer than before, it is only small conflict caused by misunderstanding of the people from one village with other village, and it can lead a conflict. Nevertheless, it can be controlled and overcome by the security apparatus. But, most people are concentrated to the general election of the president. While people are busy with the coming general election of the president, in other side, the condition of the IDPs who stay in camps, they seems do not care of the election, they are just waiting for the action of the government, when they can be back to their home area while they consider their home area is safe. One IDP expressed that they left the house because it was burned down, but up to know the government is slowly, in taking action, several broken houses are not soon repaired, and so they just live in camp with limited facilities. Even they have been in one month without electricity. The mayor said that he would coordinate with the government in province level, but up to now it is not realised. There are IDPs who do not want to be back to their home area because they consider their return is not saved. So, they have to live in new area by cutting down the trees in the forest (cleaning the forest) and starting new life without any facilities.
Vision
Healthy and economically survived IDPs and returnee who have capacity to plan their normal future life by optimising their resources.
Mission
Facilitating the IDPs and local organization (NGO & CBO) to enhance their capacity in process of rehabilitation, especially in economic & health sectors.
Strategy
Strengthen local organization and people organization (disaster affected community or the IDPs) by providing accessible basic health services and education access and rehabilitate their economic and social capacity to solve their problems
The main mission of Yakkum Emergency Unit (YEU) in all disasters affected areas is to facilitate the stake holders to bring back the rights of the victims. The vision is the victims of disasters have their rights for survival and for sustainable development. The goal is that the victims of disasters are survived and level of dependency is decreased
Therefore in every areas of disasters (either natural or man made disasters), YEU certainly will not work alone but mostly works with local organization (stakeholders) to facilitate them in responding the needs of disaster-affected communities.
In Ambon, we started working since the beginning of the riot in 1999 with local institution named Baileo through facilitating a group of moreless 36 volunteers (the numbers were fluctuating) from Moslem and Christian (so-called TRKA, Tim Relawan Kemanusiaan Ambon or the humanitarian team for Ambon). In the process, the riot prolonged till more than 3 years but fortunately seemed decreased in 2002. Some volunteers from TRKA - after their voluntary work in responding the emergency stage of Ambon riots with CD Bethesda/YEU– continue their works in different organizations (some even establish new organizations), but the spirit and principle of humanitarian works through community organizing approach are maintained. In general and principally, we are committed to build a network of local organizations whose the same vision and mission with our organization in working for the people in need with participative approach and Community organizing strategy (even in the frame of relief response if possible).
So, mostly the field works in responding the grass root level are done by the local institutions but YEU also locates our own staff usually as health specialist or sanitation specialist but also functions as program coordinator or site manager and work as a team with the local institution.
Being the direct implementer of project in the field, the local organizations are also in the same time facilitated for institutional and capacity building. Facilitating institutional building in term that we support part of their operational cost as they implement the project. Facilitating capacity building in term that they will be provided in field training for project management, community organizing training for their cadres and volunteers (so-called community organizers and some of them are the affected community themselves), technical assistance and consultation with our field staff based on their expertise.
a. Summary of Program Implementation
Based on the assessment conducted by YEU and the local partners, some areas in Seram and Ambon still need intervention for further rehabilitation. Actually Seram, Ambon and Waai are the recommended area for intervention, but Waai is not the target area anymore because this area has been supported by other NGO. Therefore, the program is implemented in Seram and Ambon.
Seram
The total population is 4.260 persons, comprising 924 household, comprising 2.487 male, 2.133 female, 721 under five babies and 877 mothers. For the IDPs that have been living here must adapt the environment because they start new life. They have started to cultivate to the land rent from the local community or sleeping land around the location. Besides, they have to adapt with the local community. The major diseases suffered by IDPs is Malaria 40 %, Ispa (respiratory infection), diarrhoea, itchy skin and malnutrition, while the access of health service is limited. In Seram, the program is emphasised for West Seram and South Seram, including the village: Seruawan, Rambatu, Hukuanakota, Lumoly and Honietu village. Programs implemented are Mobile health service, training PHC, medicine post, Water and sanitation, distribution uniform and package books, training CO, Agriculture and institutional development.
In Seram, the program is emphasised for West Seram and South Seram, including the village: Seruawan, Rambatu, Hukuanakota, Lumoly and Honitetu village in West Seram and Waraka, Tanah Nahu, Nueletetu Gunung, Makariki and HBI in South Seram.
West Seram
For target area, we focussed in 5 villages in West Seram, where health problems are prominent and no Government intervention nor other International NGO come for assistance. People in these 5 villages are not displaced but they are very much affected by the prolonged riot since closest puskesmas in Kairatu was severe damaged in December 2000 and up to now the health service and monitoring from puskesmas (Government) never reach these villages in West Seram. The head of health division on regency level informed us that most of health needs in Seram are already well covered by IMC and Cardi. However what have been found by our staff together with the local NGO works directly in the field, is totally different. Most of intervention from the Government in cooperation with the INGOs is physical oriented in terms that they only emphasize on building physics (Puskesmas, secondary puskesmas, etc) but the rights of community or people to get basic health service is neglected so the problems in the field/grass root level remain as mentioned in attachment 2.
Programs implemented in West Seram are mobile health service, training PHC, medicine post, case by case clean water facilities, economic activities, and developing local capacities through empowering community organizers in villages.
South Seram
Programs implemented in South Seram are distribution uniform and package books, case by case clean water and sanitation program and economic activities
Ambon
Program in Ambon emphasised on the empowerment of affected disabled persons by developing local capacity and supporting their economic capacity located throughout Ambon city and sub-urban areas.
|
 |
|
|
